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The Muktikā (Sanskrit: "deliverance") refers to the canon of 108 Upaniṣads. The date of composition of each is unknown, with the oldest dated to be before 500 BCE and the youngest composed sometime in the medieval era.〔Patrick Olivelle (1998), Upaniṣhads. Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0199540259, see Introduction〕 The older texts were transmitted orally, from generation to generation, in ancient India. The written form of the canon predates the 1656 record of the canon by Dara Shikoh. ==The Canon== The canon is part of a dialogue between Rama and Hanuman. Rama proposes to teach Vedanta, saying "Even by reading one verse of them (Upanishad ) with devotion, one gets the status of union with me, hard to get even by sages." Hanuman enquires about the different kinds of "liberation" (''Mukti'', hence the name of the Upanishad), to which Rama answers that "the only real type (liberation ) is Kaivalya". The list of 108 Upanishads is introduced in verses 26-29: Some scholars list ten as principal – the Mukhya Upanishads, while most consider twelve or thirteen as principal, most important Upanishads (highlighted).〔Robert C Neville (2000), Ultimate Realities, SUNY Press, ISBN 978-0791447765, page 319〕〔Stephen Phillips (2009), Yoga, Karma, and Rebirth: A Brief History and Philosophy, Columbia University Press, ISBN 978-0231144858, pages 28-29〕〔Peter Heehs (2002), Indian Religions, New York University Press, ISBN 978-0814736500, pages 60-88〕 The list of 108 names is given in verses 30-39. They are as follows: #Isha Upanishad #Kena Upanishad #Katha Upanishad #Prashna Upanishad #Mundaka Upanishad #Mandukya Upanishad #Taittiriya Upanishad #Aitareya Upanishad #Chandogya Upanishad #Brihadaranyaka Upanishad #Brahma Upanishad #Kaivalya Upanishad #Jabalopanishad #Shvetashvatara Upanishad # Hamsopanishad #Aruneya Upanishad #Garbhopanishad # Narayanopanishad # Paramahamsopanishad #Amritabindu Upanishad #Nada Bindu Upanishad # Siropanishad #Atharvashikha Upanishad #Maitrayaniya Upanishad #Kaushitaki Upanishad #Brihajjabala Upanishad # Nrisimha-tapaniya Upanishad #Kalagni Rudra Upanishad #Maitreyy-upanishad #Subalopanishad #Kshurikopanishad #Mantrikopanishad #Sarva-saropanishad #Niralambopanishad #Suka-rahasyopanishad #Vajra-sucikopanishad #Tejobindu Upanishad #Nada-bindupanishad #Dhyana-bindupanishad #Brahmavidya Upanishad #Yogatattva Upanishad #Atmabodha Upanishad #Narada-parivrajakopanishad #Trisikhy-upanishad #Sita Upanishad #Yoga-cudamany-upanishad #Nirvanopanishad #Mandala-brahmanopanishad #Dakshina-murty-upanishad #Sarabhopanishad #Skanda Upanishad #Mahanarayana Upanishad #Advayataraka Upanishad #Rama-rahasyopanishad #Rama-tapany-upanishad #Vasudeva Opanishad #Mudgalopanishad #Sandilyopanishad #Paingalopanishad #Bhikshuka Upanishad #Mahad-upanishad #Sariraka Upanishad #Yoga-sikhopanishad #Turiyatitopanishad #Sannyasopanishad #Paramahamsa-parivrajaka Upanishad #Malika Upanishad #Avyaktopanishad #Ekakshara Upanishad #Purnopanishad #Surya Upanishad #Akshy Upanishad #Adhyatmopanishad #Kundikopanishad #Savitri Upanishad #Atma Upanishad #Pasupatopanishad #Param-brahmopanishad #Avadhutaka Upanishad #Tripuratapanopanishad #Devi Upanishad #Tripuropanishad #Katha-rudropanishad #Bhavanopanishad #Hridayopanishad #Yoga-Kundalini Upanishad #Bhasma Upanishad #Rudraksha Upanishad #Ganapati Upanishad #Darsanopanishad #Tara-saropanishad #Maha-vakyopanishad #Panca-brahmopanishad #Pranagni-hotropanishad #Gopala Tapani Upanishad #Krishna Upanishad #Yajnavalkyopanishad #Varaha Upanishad #Satyayany-upanishad #Hayagriva Upanishad #Dattatreya Upanishad #Garuda Upanishad #Kali-Santarana Upanishad #Jabaly Upanishad #Saubhagyopanishad #Sarasvati-rahasyopanishad #Bahvricopanishad # Muktikā Upanishad (this text) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Muktikā」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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